Frontex was established by EU Regulation 2004/2007. As the importance and the involvement of the Agency grew, limits to the initial mandate were identified, including too heavy a reliance on Member States' technical contributions and the need for stronger human rights safeguards, especially with respect to operations at sea. Regulation 2004/2007 was therefore amended first by Regulation 863/2007 and then by Regulation 1168/2011.
Frontex's legal basis was updated once more with Regulation (EU) 2016/1624, re-launching the agency as the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (EBCGA). In 2019 the regulation was recast and the agency is now governed by Regulation (EU) 2019/1896.
Frontex rules on the creation and functioning of internal working groups, and a chart of working groups as of early October 2023.
Quite some time after the European Border Surveillance System was put into use, legislation was approved to regulate its operations.
In 2011, Frontex's founding legislation was amended to include greater powers regarding joint operations, technical equipment, risk analysis and research and development.
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